Research Field

Electrochemistry

Visualize electrochemical reactions, deposition and corrosion in situ with biasing-capable liquid-cell TEM holders.

Talk to a specialist Explore platforms
Overview

Follow electrochemistry as it happens in real electrolytes

Electrochemical processes play a critical role in energy conversion, energy storage, corrosion science, materials synthesis, and industrial manufacturing. From electroplating and electrocatalysis to CO₂ reduction and battery electrode formation, understanding electrochemical reactions at the nanoscale is essential for improving efficiency, selectivity, and long-term stability.

The DENSsolutions platforms enable researchers to directly visualize electrochemical processes in liquid environments while simultaneously controlling liquid flow, temperature, and electrical biasing. By combining operando electrochemistry with high-resolution electron microscopy, researchers can study dynamic electrochemical phenomena in real time and under realistic operating conditions.

Suitable platforms

Platforms for this research area

View all products
Liquid, heating & biasing · TEM

Stream∞

A liquid-flow environment with integrated biasing and heating. Study reactions, growth and dynamics in real liquids as they happen.

Liquid Biasing Heating TEM
Learn more Liquid & biasing · SEM

HydroBolt

A bulk electrochemistry cell for the SEM. Run realistic liquid electrochemistry with full-size electrodes and correlate structure with electrochemical performance.

Liquid Electrochemistry SEM
Learn more

Featured research

Featured experiments

A selection of recent publications enabled by DENSsolutions in situ TEM platforms.

Nature_Communications_Logo-700x146
This research was done using Done using Stream

In situ liquid cell electron microscopy with simultaneous control of heating, biasing and flow

Copper-based catalysts are among the most promising materials for electrochemical CO₂ reduction because of their ability to generate value-added hydrocarbons and oxygenates. In this study, liquid-phase TEM was used to directly visualize the formation and evolution of Cu₂O nanocubes under electrochemical conditions relevant to CO₂ reduction. The work revealed how catalyst morphology continuously changes during operation, providing important insights into catalyst stability, restructuring, and performance during electrocatalytic reactions.

R.M Arán-Ais. et al.Imaging Electrochemically Synthesized Cu₂O Cubes and Their Morphological Evolution Under Conditions Relevant to CO₂ Electroreduction.Nature Communications 11, 3489 (2020).
Explore Stream
smallmethods
This research was done using Done using Stream

Toward Quantitative Electrodeposition via In Situ liquid-Phase TEM: Studying Electroplated Zinc Using Basic Image Processing and 4D STEM

Electrodeposition plays a central role in battery manufacturing, metal-anode growth, corrosion science, and electrochemical energy storage. In this study, the authors developed a quantitative framework for analyzing electrochemical deposition processes using in situ liquid-phase TEM. The work demonstrates how dynamic nucleation and growth behavior can be measured directly, opening the door to quantitative operando electrochemistry inside the electron microscope.

Park, J. et al.Toward Quantitative Electrodeposition via In Situ liquid-Phase TEM.Small Methods 8, 2400081 (2024).
Explore Stream See full publication
MRS ADVANCES logo_edited_edited_edited_e
This research was done using Done using Stream

Direct Visualization of a Temperature-Induced Shift in Electroplating Mechanism via In Situ liquid Phase TEM

Temperature plays a critical role in determining electrochemical reaction pathways, deposition morphology, and material performance. In this study, the authors directly visualized how increasing temperature alters electroplating mechanisms at the nanoscale. By combining in situ heating with electrochemical control inside a liquid environment, the work revealed how thermal effects influence nucleation behavior, growth pathways, and deposit morphology.
Zheng, H. et al.Direct Visualization of a Temperature-Induced Shift in Electroplating Mechanism via In Situ liquid Phase TEM.MRS Advances (2025).
Explore Stream
43580_2025_1454_Figa_HTML
Nanoletters
This research was done using Done using Stream

In Situ liquid Cell Electron Microscopy with Simultaneous Control of heating, biasing and Flow

Many electrochemical and electrocatalytic processes are influenced simultaneously by temperature, electrical bias, and fluid transport. This study demonstrated a unique experimental platform capable of controlling all three parameters simultaneously within a liquid-cell TEM environment. The work establishes a powerful methodology for investigating complex electrochemical systems under realistic operating conditions.

Park, J. et al., Small Methods, 2024.
Explore Stream
advancedengineeringmaterials
This research was done using Done using Stream

Titanium Nitride Microelectrode: A New Candidate for In Situ Electrochemical TEM Studies

The performance of liquid-cell electrochemical experiments strongly depends on the stability and electrochemical behavior of the electrode materials. In this work, titanium nitride was introduced as a new microelectrode material for in situ TEM studies. The study demonstrated its excellent electrochemical stability, conductivity, and compatibility with liquid-cell microscopy, expanding the range of electrochemical systems that can be investigated operando.

Park, J. et al.Titanium Nitride Microelectrode: A New Candidate for In Situ Electrochemical TEM Studies.Advanced Engineering Materials (2024).
Explore Stream

Publications

Top research in Electrochemistry

Loading publications…

Get started

Advance your electrochemistry research

Talk to our application specialists to find the right in situ TEM platform for your experiments.

Get in touch